Renewable Energy Policies to achieve COP targets

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Country-wise list of Renewable Energy Policies introduced to promote renewable energy growth and achieve COP (Conference of Parties) goals and targets:

1. United States

  • Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) (2022): Provides tax credits for solar, wind, EVs, and battery manufacturing.
  • Production Tax Credit (PTC): Supports wind energy by offering tax benefits for production.
  • Investment Tax Credit (ITC): Encourages solar and wind energy deployment through capital subsidies.
  • Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS): Mandates blending biofuels into transportation fuels to reduce GHG emissions.
  • State Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS): Many states require a certain percentage of electricity to come from renewable sources.

2. European Union

  • European Green Deal: Aims for climate neutrality by 2050, with renewable energy as a key component.
  • Fit for 55 Package: Targets a 55% reduction in emissions by 2030 with higher renewable energy quotas.
  • Renewable Energy Directive (RED II): Sets binding targets for renewable energy at 32% by 2030.
  • Just Transition Mechanism: Supports transitioning regions heavily dependent on fossil fuels to renewable energy.

3. India

  • National Solar Mission (2010): Targets 280 GW of solar capacity by 2030.
  • National Wind-Solar Hybrid Policy (2018): Promotes hybrid projects to optimize land and grid use.
  • Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme: Supports domestic solar manufacturing.
  • Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO): Mandates utilities to procure a certain percentage of electricity from renewable sources.
  • Green Hydrogen Mission (2023): Promotes production and usage of green hydrogen to decarbonize industries.

4. China

  • 13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Development: Focuses on achieving 50% non-fossil fuel energy consumption by 2030.
  • Feed-in Tariff (FiT): Provides guaranteed prices for solar and wind power to encourage adoption.
  • Green Certificate Program: Introduced to replace subsidies with market-based renewable energy certificates.

5. Germany

  • Energiewende (Energy Transition): Focuses on transitioning to renewables and phasing out nuclear power by 2022.
  • Renewable Energy Act (EEG): Implements feed-in tariffs for renewables and sets binding renewable energy targets.
  • Hydrogen Strategy: Supports green hydrogen production and integration with renewable sources.

6. Japan

  • Feed-in Tariff (FiT): Promotes solar PV deployment by offering fixed energy purchase rates.
  • Strategic Energy Plan: Targets 36-38% renewable energy in the energy mix by 2030.
  • Offshore Wind Promotion Act: Facilitates large-scale offshore wind farm development.

7. Australia

  • Renewable Energy Target (RET): Aims for 33,000 GWh of renewable electricity by 2030.
  • National Hydrogen Strategy: Positions Australia as a leading exporter of green hydrogen.
  • Large-scale Renewable Energy Target (LRET): Provides financial incentives for large renewable projects.

8. United Kingdom

  • Contracts for Difference (CfD): Guarantees stable prices for renewable power generators.
  • Net Zero Strategy: Targets carbon neutrality by 2050, with strong renewable energy focus.
  • Offshore Wind Sector Deal: Expands offshore wind capacity to meet decarbonization targets.

9. Brazil

  • PROINFA: Incentivizes wind, biomass, and small hydro projects.
  • Renewable Energy Auctions: Encourages competitive pricing for renewable energy projects.
  • National Biofuels Policy (RenovaBio): Promotes biofuel production and use to reduce carbon emissions.

10. Canada

  • Clean Fuel Standard: Encourages lower-carbon fuels in the transportation sector.
  • Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change: Provides support for renewable energy projects and GHG reduction.
  • Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act: Carbon pricing supports renewables indirectly.

11. South Korea

  • Renewable Energy 3020 Plan: Targets 20% renewable energy in the energy mix by 2030.
  • Hydrogen Economy Roadmap: Promotes hydrogen adoption as a renewable energy source.
  • Solar Rooftop Subsidy Program: Offers financial aid for installing rooftop solar systems.

12. South Africa

  • Integrated Resource Plan (IRP): Targets 17.8 GW of renewable energy by 2030.
  • Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Program (REIPPPP): Attracts investment in renewable energy projects.

13. Saudi Arabia

  • Vision 2030: Includes a target of 50% renewable energy in its power mix by 2030.
  • National Renewable Energy Program (NREP): Develops large-scale renewable energy projects like solar PV and wind.

14. United Arab Emirates

  • Dubai Clean Energy Strategy 2050: Targets 75% clean energy by 2050.
  • Masdar Initiative: Focuses on research and development of renewable technologies.
  • Noor Energy 1: A large-scale solar project to support clean energy goals.

15. Norway

  • Electricity Certificate Scheme: Provides market-based incentives for renewable energy production.
  • Hydropower Dominance: Continues to support hydropower with modernization programs.
  • National Hydrogen Strategy: Focuses on hydrogen from renewable sources for decarbonization.

These policies are tailored to align with COP goals, such as achieving carbon neutrality, limiting global warming to 1.5°C, and increasing renewable energy capacity to meet global climate targets.


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